ISPA Cases Remain Stable in Samarinda During Ramadan 2026

SAMARINDA – Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) remain the most commonly treated illness at the Sempaja Public Health centre (UPTD Puskesmas Sempaja) in North Samarinda as of early 2026. Entering the month of Ramadan 1447 Hijriah, case numbers have remained relatively stable compared to the previous month, with no significant surge reported.

Understanding the Current Situation

Emma Ariani, Head of UPTD Puskesmas Sempaja, stated that the primary complaints from patients continue to be coughs, colds, and fever. “During this Ramadan period, there hasn’t been a significant increase. The numbers are roughly the same as usual. ARIs, upper respiratory infections like coughs, colds, and fever, remain the most frequent,” she said on Monday, February 23, 2026.

What Constitutes an ARI?

According to Ms. Ariani, ARI is a broad term encompassing several diagnoses, including tonsillitis (inflamed tonsils), pharyngitis, and even the common flu caused by viral infections. The cases most often seen in primary care generally affect the upper respiratory tract and have not progressed to the lungs. “ARI is a broad category. Sore throats, tonsillitis, the common flu – they all fall into this group, even though the diagnostic codes differ,” she explained.

Did You Know? The Sempaja Public Health centre continues to require mask usage for patients exhibiting respiratory symptoms, as well as for healthcare workers.

The Factors at Play

Medically, ARIs are typically triggered by viral infections such as rhinovirus and influenza, or by bacteria like streptococcus. Transmission occurs through droplets released when an infected person coughs or sneezes, and from contact with contaminated surfaces. Decreased immunity, exposure to cigarette smoke, air pollution, and unsanitary environments are key risk factors.

Unpredictable weather patterns in the Samarinda area are also believed to contribute to public health conditions. After a period of hot weather in January, more frequent rainfall and high humidity have been observed in recent weeks. These conditions can trigger respiratory issues, although ARIs are generally prevalent throughout the year.

Expert Insight: The continued prevalence of ARIs, even during a period of religious observance like Ramadan, highlights the ongoing need for preventative measures and accessible primary care services. The focus on upper respiratory infections suggests that, at present, cases are being effectively managed before they escalate to more severe conditions.

Beyond Respiratory Illnesses

In addition to infectious diseases, a significant number of non-communicable cases, such as hypertension, have also been identified. This indicates that primary healthcare services address not only acute illnesses but also chronic conditions requiring ongoing monitoring.

Looking Ahead

As a precautionary measure, the Sempaja Public Health centre continues to require mask-wearing for patients with cough and cold symptoms, as well as for healthcare staff. This policy is maintained as an effort to prevent airborne transmission of disease. “We continue to require masks for patients with respiratory complaints. Staff also consistently wear masks when providing care,” Ms. Ariani stated.

The public is encouraged to maintain their immune systems through a balanced diet, adequate rest, and maintaining a clean environment. Individuals experiencing symptoms such as cough, cold, fever, or sore throat are advised to seek medical attention promptly for appropriate treatment. With high levels of mobility among residents in North Samarinda, vigilance regarding ARIs remains a shared concern, particularly during periods of changing weather.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the most common symptoms of ARIs?

The most common symptoms reported at the Sempaja Public Health centre are cough, cold, and fever.

What types of illnesses are included under the term “ARI”?

ARI is a broad category that includes illnesses such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and the common flu.

What steps is the Sempaja Public Health centre taking to prevent the spread of ARIs?

The Sempaja Public Health centre requires mask usage for patients with respiratory symptoms and for healthcare staff.

Given the ongoing presence of ARIs in the community, what further steps could individuals take to protect their health and the health of those around them?