Explosive global measles outbreaks pose risk to Canadian travellers, health officials warn

A resurgence of measles is underway globally, with significant outbreaks occurring in popular travel destinations like the southern United States and Mexico. This escalating situation is prompting health officials to urge Canadians to verify their vaccination status before any international travel this winter.

Rising Cases Across the Americas and Beyond

Mexico has already reported over 2,700 new measles cases this year, with a disproportionate number affecting infants and young children. The United States is also experiencing a sharp increase, with more than 900 confirmed cases reported nationwide. Within the U.S., Florida and South Carolina are currently battling substantial outbreaks. The South Carolina outbreak is the largest the country has seen in over two decades, with hundreds of infections to date.

Canada is not immune to this trend. More than 70 cases have been identified in Manitoba, coming shortly after the country lost its measles elimination status following a large outbreak in 2025. Nationwide, Canada has seen over 5,000 confirmed cases since early 2025.

Did You Know? Canada’s measles elimination status was lost following a single case of measles being brought back into the country by a traveller.

Severe Complications and Lasting Impacts

The return of measles is not simply a matter of a common rash. Dr. Natasha Crowcroft, acting Chief Public Health Officer for Canada and former senior advisor on measles for the World Health Organization, described the impacts of the 2025 outbreak as “devastating.” Complications included brain infections, deafness, and the need for intensive care for over 30 children. Tragically, two premature infants in Canada died after contracting measles before birth in 2025.

The Americas as a whole have seen a dramatic 40-fold increase in measles cases in the first three weeks of 2026 compared to the same period in 2025, according to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The United Kingdom, which has also recently lost its measles elimination status, now presents a heightened risk as well.

Expert Insight: The resurgence of measles underscores the critical importance of maintaining high vaccination rates to protect vulnerable populations and prevent severe health consequences. The potential for complications, particularly in young children and those with weakened immune systems, highlights the need for proactive public health measures.

Factors Contributing to the Spread

Experts attribute the resurgence to a combination of factors, including declining vaccination rates and increased hesitancy, coupled with disruptions to routine childhood immunizations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Demetre Daskalakis, a senior public health advisor, noted a “demolition” of the U.S. Public health system, leading to mistrust and reduced vaccine uptake. This situation, he added, is contributing to global anti-vaccine sentiment.

Data from the CDC shows a decrease in vaccination coverage among kindergarteners in the U.S. During the 2024 school year, alongside an increase in vaccine exemptions. While overall vaccination coverage in the Americas showed a slight increase in 2024, it remains below the 95% threshold needed to prevent outbreaks. Measles is exceptionally contagious, requiring very high immunization rates for effective control.

What Could Happen Next

If vaccination rates do not improve, we could see continued outbreaks in both the U.S. And Canada, potentially straining healthcare systems. Further spread to other countries, particularly those with lower vaccination coverage, is also possible. A continued decline in public trust in vaccines could exacerbate the situation, leading to larger and more frequent outbreaks. Conversely, increased public health investment and targeted vaccination campaigns could help to regain control of the virus and prevent further spread.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the symptoms of measles?

Measles can cause a telltale rash, but can also range in severity to include serious complications such as respiratory failure and permanent brain damage.

How many doses of the measles vaccine are typically recommended for Canadians?

The Canadian Immunization Guide recommends two doses of either the combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine or the combined measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) shot, with the first dose given between 12 to 15 months of age and the second between 18 months of age and “no later than around school entry.”

Can infants be vaccinated against measles before 12 months of age?

Concerned parents can ask their primary care provider for an early dose of the measles shot for infants as young as six months old, even though the standard timetable is to provide that first dose at 12 months.

As travel plans are made, what steps will you take to ensure you and your family are protected against preventable diseases?